Mahmoud Darwish The Poet Of The Resistance English Literature Essay

Mahmoud Darwish The Poet Of The Resistance English Literature EssayMahmoud Darwish was born on March 13, 1941 ina quaint colony in the Galilee ofAl Birweh, Palestine, into a land-owning Sunni Muslim family. At the early age of seven, Darwishs father was killedand his family were forced to leave their homeland for safety in Lebanon to escape the current massacres by the Israeli Army as it occupied Palestine and, in the process, destroyed the poets village (in addition to everywhere 400 other Palestinian villages).They returned the pastime year, secretly re-entering Israel. As they returnedillegally to their country,Darwish and his family were grounded under military rule and emergency regulations of the State of Israel established over colonized Palestinian land. Where they were given the attitude of present-absent alien, a status that will mark the poet from that point onwards, preventing him from ever finding his homeland, except in his language and his ever-loving audience.Mah moud Darwish went on to live a life that is a emotional warning of how far talent and determination, combined with a unstable life, can carry an individual from a simple background into the inter matter halls of fame.In Darwishs early mid-twenties he faced numerous house arrest and was constantly imprisoned by the state of Israel for publicly reading his poesy. He also was imprisoned many an(prenominal) times for not carrying the proper papers (identification cards). He joined the Rakah which was the official Communist Party of Israel in the 1960s. In 1970, he left Palestine for Russia, where he attended the University of Moscow for one year. later on Moscow, he then moved to Cairo, Egypt. He lived in transport from Israel for twenty-six years, between Beirut and Paris, until his return to Israel in 1996, after which he settled in Ramallah of the West Bank.It is perhaps Darwishs very special relationship to the Arabic language that has set him apart from other Arab poets of his time. at present America identifies Palestine through Palestinian art, and through Edward Saed who came out with the most influential book, what argon Arabs in Arabic society, such a dynamic book, and herculean to understand, unlike the softer side to Palestinians brought by Darwish, and Nasser Khalifa whom sanghis poems. Putting the political cause aside, a double-edged sword in the case of the poets literary career, Darwish has created a refreshed zone in the Arabic language that he can call his own he constructs his kingdom homeland in language. Considered by one boastful Arab literary critics as the saviour of the Arabic language, Darwish manages to describe mundane events and uncover his (and his commonwealths) innermost feelings through words juxtaposed in the most idiosyncratic of contexts, creating gripping new images. The symbols, metaphors, and style in his poetry are carefully chosen yet at the same time they reflect an integrity and clairvoyance that are a unique characteristic of this writer. As a number of Darwishs works sustain even been called prophetic, it still stay that these poems have been an advantage of his artistic wisdom and acute political common sense. He manages to see and read what very little of the Palestinian people can. When poems like these follow that artistic intuition, it gains its significance to the readers, because it comm plainly is an expression of what the Palestinians fear most but are unable to utter or ever express.Darwishs connection to language and poetry remains unmatched by any connection he has with anything or anyone. He has the talent to uncover, exploit, and define music in language through use of poetry. His poetry has been an interesting knowledge domain in the Arab world as musicians compose the most beautiful and popular of songs from his lyrics.WorksDarwish isoften called the poet of the defense, and sometimes accused of writing indefenseof Palestinian mainstream politics, Darwish still m anaged to constantly defy any strict definition of who and what he is or wanted to be. He wrote the Palestinian declaration of independence in1988 and many poems of resistance that are a major fundamental part of every Arabs culture from superstructure to, social structure to, infrastructure. However,this does not mean he ignored writing roughly roll in the hay and death, in fact his poems struck people. Darwish wrote poems that people can easily understand, and others that held critics so mystified as to where to begin to decipher. In all this, he remains confident in his open and honest relationship to his readers. When I move closer to pure poetry, Palestinians say go back to what you were. But I have learned from experience that I can take my reader with me if he trusts me. I can make my modernity, and I can play my games if I am sincere. (New York Times interview) This intricate relationship with his ever-increasing audience is best described in this excerptWhenever I search for myself I find the others,And when I search for themI only find my alien selfSo am I the individual- crowd?(Mural)AwardsAs an accomplished and very well known poet in the east hemisphere, Darwish awards and honors include the Ibn Sina Prize, the Lenin Peace Prize, the 1969 Lotus prize from the Union of Afro-Asian Writers, Frances Knight of Arts and Belles Lettres medal in 1997, the 2001 Prize for Cultural Freedom from the Lannan Foundation, the Moroccan Wissam of happy merit handed to him by King Mohammad VI of Morocco, and the USSRs Stalin Peace Prize.SignificanceAs another significance Mahmud Darwish brought upon his self was becoming editor for the PLOs (Palestine Liberation Organization) periodical journal and its director of the groups research center. In 1987 he was appointed to the PLO executive committee, and resigned in 1993 in opposition to the Oslo Agreement,which was signed at a majuscule ceremony hosted by US President Bill Clinton on September 13, 1993, during w hich Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat and Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin ended decades as cuss enemies with an uneasy handshake.Darwish later served in accordance to the Palestinian literary review Al-Karmel (magazine published in Palestine in Arabic) as its editor in principal and founder. Al-Karmel was published out of the Sakakini Centre (The Khalil Sakakini Cultural Centre Foundation is a non- governmental, non-profit organization dedicated to the promotion of arts and culture in Palestine) since 1997.His most upstart translations in English, Mahmoud Darwish Adam of Two Edens (Jusoor and Syracuse University Press, 2000) and The Ravens Ink A Chapbook (Lannan Foundation, 2001) include a host of Darwishs most acclaimed poems written between 1984 and 1999. level though he is known the world over as the poet of Palestine, as Margaret Obank says in her review of The Adam of Two Edens, Darwishs poetry has been published only sparingly in English. These twain volumes are an e xcellent introduction, in English, to this poet who is considered to be indisputably among the greatest of our centurys poets. (Carolyne Forche)Some of the exploited poets recent poetry titles include The Butterflys Burden (Copper Canyon Press, 2006), Unfortunately, It Was Paradise Selected Poems (2003), Stage of siege (2002), The Adam of Two Edens (2001), Mural (2000), Bed of the Stranger (1999), Psalms (1995), Why Did You Leave the Horse Alone? (1994), and The Music of Human Flesh (1980).Darwish was harassed by the Israeli military governor whenever his poetry went public. His discovery of poetry is recalled as a threat to the sword the exploited poet took advantage of this by. His words described the Arab and Palestinian identity that needed to be invasive. These harassments expelled Darwish to leave to Moscow and then Egypt, then alas to settle in Beirut until the invasion war ended, era 1982. After Beirut he became a wondering exile in Arab capitals, settling in Paris for a wh ile, then Amman, and finally Ramallah, moving a mensuration closer to the home which he still cannot reach. The circle is not yet completeThere is no age sufficient for me, To pull my end to my beginning. (Mural)His travel during the exodus enlightened him to create poetry upon magnificent literary creations. This comes to explain how even when Darwish was distant from his country he still tried to dismantle with his poetry and unveil the truth. Later in 1988, his widely circulated militant poem Passers by in Passing Words, was given a very significant applause as it was influential to all the Arabic communities familiarity and passion of the untidiness drawn from the revolution brought up by war. This applause was promoted as the poem called for a great rumpus in Israel. However, a book in French entitled Palestine Mon Pays Laffaire du Poeme, published by Les Editions de Minuit in 1988, documents some of the articles that were written indefenseof Darwish and his poem. In a simil ar manner, but this time in March 2000, Yossi Sarid, then the minister of education in Israel, suggested the inclusion of Darwishs poetry in the Israeli high-pitched school curriculum. This suggestion resulted in a very close no-confidence vote for the Barak government.Darwish held a strong stand in politics. In 1993, when Darwish resigned from the PLO executive committee to reject the Oslo Accords, he could see at the time, as very few people within the PLO could, that there was a structural problem with the accord itself that would only pave the way for escalation. I hoped I was wrong. Im very sad that I was right. (New York Times interview)The poets life revolved around Palestine as an everlasting elegy in his poetry with only the passion to request a truth to be unveiled. Later, his choice to reside in RamAllah while it was under siege during the wink Intifada was that of only a small sacrifice. His new home pushed him to dwell his last three poems against resistance while u nder siege and under the evilness of siege. Mohammad, The Sacrifice and A State of Siege were published in newspapers in Palestine and the Arab world during 2001 2002. The lastone, A State of Siege describes the siege of Ramallah and the Palestinian land in profound images that invoke daily life in a vivid and multi-layered wayA woman asked the cloud please cover my loved oneMy clothes are soaked with his bloodIf you shall not be rain, my loveBe treesSaturated with fertility, be treesAnd if you shall not be trees, my loveBe a stoneSaturated with humidity, be a stoneAnd if you shall not be a stone, my loveBe a moonIn the loved ones dream, be a moonSo said a woman to her sonIn his funeralHe goes on to addDuring the siege, time becomes a spaceThat has hardened in its eternityDuring the siege, space becomes a timeThat is late for its yesterday and tomorrow(A State of Siege)ConclusionHis reputation all over the world as a highly esteemed poet and individual is partly due to the fact t hat Mahmoud Darwish affirms an open conception of what being an Arab is. Arab, to him, is not an identity close unto itself, but pluralism totally open unto others. In his oeuvres, he dialogues with a group of cultures (Canaanite, Hebrew, Greek, Roman, Persian, Egyptian, Arab, French, English, Ottoman, Native American) as well as with myths of the three monotheistic religions. These dialogues create duple layers within the poem that may be difficult to appreciate unless the reader can develop a full understanding of the Is and the others of the text.When Darwish reads publicly, he easily draws thousands of people from all social classes taxi drivers, bazaar merchants, hospital workers, students and more rush to find a hearing under the influential poets lips. Darwishdid not just make the barrier between Palestinians but also ideology.Like a role model Darwish became a personal possession and another reminiscence to the Palestinians who suffered through exile and war. Which ever p art of Palestine or whomevers relation to Palestine through sympathy or its seize all view Darwish as a national treasure.Now in translation perhaps he will also be embraced elsewhere in the world. No poet has been expropriated as Mahmoud Darwish has been over the past thirty years. No one realizes this more than himAnd history makes fun of its victimsAnd its heroes Takes a look at them and passes byThis sea is mineThis moist air is mine And my name-Even if I spell it wrong on the coffin Is mineAs for me,Now that I am filled with all the possibleReasons for departure I am not mine.I am not mineI am not mine.(Mural) Serene Huleileh.List of plagiarised documents77%http//www.mahmouddarwish.com/english/introduction.htm76%http//www.funci.org/en/2008/articles/on-mahmoud-darwish/76%http//elza.jeeran.com/PARIS.doc14%http//www.poets.org/poet.php/prmPID/106212%http//www.ipoet.com/archive/original/Darwish/Mahmoud.html3%http//www.mahmouddarwish.com/english/articles.htm2%http//www.palestinefacts .org/pf_1991to_now_oslo_accords.php92% 85% 75%